{"id":23784,"date":"2019-08-29T23:41:53","date_gmt":"2019-08-29T21:41:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/?p=23784"},"modified":"2024-05-21T16:55:42","modified_gmt":"2024-05-21T14:55:42","slug":"rems-secret-report-televisions-before-elections-served-to-vucic","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/rems-secret-report-televisions-before-elections-served-to-vucic\/","title":{"rendered":"REM\u2019s Secret Report: Televisions before Elections Served to Vu\u010di\u0107"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The villagers of \u010cipulji\u0107, in Bosnia and Herzegovina, observed with curiosity the entourage that visited their village in April 2016. Well into the campaign for the upcoming election, then prime minister and now Serbian president, <strong>Aleksandar Vu\u010di\u0107, <\/strong>dropped by the area his family hails from, all the while followed by cameras of free-to-air TV <em>Prva<\/em>. Talking to his relatives, neighbors and childhood friends, <em>Prva TV <\/em>presented the event to viewers in Serbia as a romanticized, almost half-hour show about Vu\u010di\u0107\u2019s life from an early age and about his family.<\/p><p>Parliamentary, provincial and local elections were held late that month, with Vu\u010di\u0107\u2019s party scoring a landslide victory. Vu\u010di\u0107\u2019s dominant presence in Serbian media between March 4 and April 21 certainly played a part in that success. However, those who oversaw the work of the media during those days refused to reveal what they had learned.<\/p><p>Nearly all free-to-air televisions broadcast shows, both regular and special ones, which largely promoted Vu\u010di\u0107. So <em>B92 <\/em>broadcast a show called <em>Intervju<\/em> (Interview), where the guests were Vu\u010di\u0107, <em>Humanitarian Law Center <\/em>Director <strong>Nata\u0161a Kandi\u0107 <\/strong>and journalist <strong>Dejan Anastasijevi\u0107<\/strong>. No opposition representative was given an opportunity to appear on <em>B92 <\/em>in this way.<\/p><p>The show <em>\u0106irilica <\/em>(Cyrillic), hosted on another free-to-air <em>Happy TV, <\/em>dedicated just under five and a half hours to Vu\u010di\u0107 and the election ticket he spearheaded, out of the total 11 hours of the show.<\/p><div class=\"antrefile-container\"><div class=\"antrefile\"><div class=\"antrefilecont\"><p><span lang='EN-US'>It should be noted that <em>Happy TV<\/em>, as the <em>Cenzolovka<\/em> website reported, that year broadcast <em>Serbian Progressive Party<\/em> advertisements for close to a month. However, eventually the party claimed that it had not commissioned those ads. That left <em>Happy TV<\/em> without roughly 500,000 euros, while the police could not determine who had ordered the ads for the SNS.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/div><p>Representatives of the other five tickets had almost the same amount of time combined. On <em>Pink TV <\/em>shows Vu\u010di\u0107\u2019s ticket had even more of an advantage. It was given more than half of all airtime, i.e. more than five hours. On the other hand, 20 minutes was devoted to the strongest opponent &#8211; <em>Democratic Party<\/em> (DS).<\/p><p>Media associations, non-governmental organizations and the opposition throughout the campaign pointed out Vu\u010di\u0107\u2019s media omnipresence and eagerly awaited the report by the state-owned <em>Regulatory Authority of Electronic Media<\/em> (REM), which was to confirm that. Over the last several years, REM has regularly monitored the conduct of broadcasters during campaigns and in subsequent reports pointed to the favoring of mainly the ruling parties. Monitoring is also important to REM so that it can launch proceedings against the televisions that have violated the law, without limiting itself to reports by others.<\/p><p>However, after polling states closed and after the winner was announced, REM decided to end its multiannual practice of presenting reports on the oversight of media service providers during an election campaign, which instantly caused public suspicion that the <em>Serbian Progressive Party<\/em> (SNS) and Aleksandar Vu\u010di\u0107 had been favored to such an extent that someone had to stop the report from being published.<\/p><p>Despite the fact that CINS publicized <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/srpski\/projects\/article\/rem-sns-i-sps-se-najvise-oglasavali-tokom-izborne-kampanje\">a portion of the report pertaining to advertising<\/a>, according to the <em>Independent Journalists\u2019 Association of Serbia<\/em> REM officially denied the very existence of the report. Nevertheless, <em>Center for Investigative Journalism of Serbia <\/em>(CINS) journalists managed to obtain the report in possession of this institution.<\/p><p>It shows how the most popular national broadcasters, free-to-air televisions, promoted the ruling party and its leader, in some cases giving them as much as fourfold more time than to the opposition.<\/p><h2><strong>News about Aleksandar Vu\u010di\u0107<\/strong><\/h2><p>REM\u2019s services found that in the period between March 4 and April 21 the election ticket headed by Aleksandar Vu\u010di\u0107 got six hours and 25 minutes \u2013 i.e. nearly a third of the total time given to the candidates \u2013 in central news programs, whereas the opposition Democratic Party (DS) got two hours and 46 minutes.<\/p><div class=\"fullws\"><iframe width='800' height='1178' frameborder='0'scrolling='no' style='overflow-y:hidden;' src='https:\/\/create.piktochart.com\/embed\/45641004-izbori-2016-copy' ><\/iframe><\/div><p><strong>Zoran Gavrilovi\u0107<\/strong>\u00a0of the non-government <em>Bureau for Social Research<\/em>\u00a0(BIRODI), who monitored televisions\u2019 reporting during the 2016 campaign, says that the difference between the election tickets is plain to see.<\/p><p>\u201cThe reason why this is being hidden is because it reveals the imbalance, i.e. the fact that the <em>Serbian Progressive Party<\/em> is favored,\u201d Gavrilovi\u0107 said after the CINS journalists showed him the report.<\/p><p>If the reports from 2014 and 2016 are compared, what is noticeable is that the televisions increased the space for promoting the ruling SNS. The total time the party was given in central news programs in 2016 was two hours longer than in 2014, when the SNS ticket was present for about four and a half hours, i.e. 19.6% of the time, as opposed to the DS\u2019s 12%.<\/p><div class=\"fullw\"><iframe src='https:\/\/flo.uri.sh\/visualisation\/1859794\/embed' frameborder='0' scrolling='no' style='width:100%;height:600px;'><\/iframe><\/div><h5><em>(by drawing the limiter, you will get the difference in the representation of election tickets in 2014 and 2016)<\/em><\/h5><p>The increase is the most noticeable on <em>Prva TV, <\/em>at that time still owned by the Greek company <em>Antenna<\/em>.<\/p><p><em>The 7 p.m. News <\/em>in 2014 presented the SNS ticket 29.9% of the time, while giving the opposition DS 11.8%. In terms of duration of TV features, those on the SNS lasted just over an hour, whereas those on the DS lasted around 24 minutes. Just two years later, the ticket spearheaded by Vu\u010di\u0107 got 44.1% of time in the central news program on <em>Prva TV <\/em>(then called <em>The 6 p.m. News<\/em>), while the Democrats still got around 11.7%.<\/p><p>The context of ownership is important for <em>Prva TV <\/em>work during the campaigns. Although it was an open secret that Greek\u00a0<em>Antenna<\/em>\u00a0<em>Group<\/em>\u00a0simultaneously owned <em>Prva TV <\/em>and <em>B92<\/em>, before the 2014 election that was illegal. The Broadcasting Act prohibited a single owner from owning more than 5% of another television. However, after the election, as part of a set of media laws, the <em>National Assembly<\/em> adopted a new Public Information Act, which legalized this situation. The REM Council in June 2015 gave <em>Antenna <\/em>the go-ahead to merge ownership of the <em>Prva <\/em>and <em>B92 <\/em>televisions.<\/p><p>In 2018, the Greek company sold these two televisions (along with a radio station, cable channels and websites) for roughly 180 million euros to <strong>Sr\u0111an Milovanovi\u0107, <\/strong>brother of the <em>Serbian Progressive Party<\/em> commissioner for Ni\u0161, <strong>Zvezdan Milovanovi\u0107.<\/strong><\/p><h2><strong>Privatization and Local Sheriffs<\/strong><\/h2><p>The report CINS obtained also shows how the changes that happened in the media between the two election cycles actually served the Progressives as a means to fill the empty spaces in their propaganda machine and to place the televisions with new owners and editors, close to the regime, under their command.<\/p><p>So <em>Radio Television Kragujevac<\/em> during the 2014 election campaign gave a slight advantage to the <em>United Regions of Serbia, <\/em>the party of then mayor of Kragujevac <strong>Veroljub Stevanovi\u0107. <\/strong>The party got 21.9% of time on the news, the DS got about 16% and the SNS got roughly 12%.<\/p><p>However, during the widespread privatization of media outlets in 2015, the television was bought by <strong>Radoica Milosavljevi\u0107<\/strong>, a Kru\u0161evac-based businessman and one of those who donated office space to the SNS,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/srpski\/research_stories\/article\/radoica-milosavljevic-medju-27-donatora-prostorija-sns-u\">which CINS has already written about<\/a>. It should also be noted that Milosavljevi\u0107 has purchased several local televisions.<\/p><p>During the 2016 campaign, i.e. in the period between March 4 and 24, <em>RTV Kragujevac <\/em>devoted almost 72% of its news programs to the SNS ticket.<\/p><p><em>Studio B TV <\/em>was still a Belgrade city television in 2014. According to the REM report, during the campaign that year, <em>Studio B <\/em>devoted almost equal airtime on the news to the <em>Democratic Party of Serbia<\/em> (DSS), the coalition gathered around the <em>Socialist Party of Serbia<\/em> (SPS) and to the SNS, while the <em>Democratic Party<\/em> (DS) got slightly less time. However, after the election won by the SNS, there was a change of editors at this TV station, and <strong>Ivana Vu\u010di\u0107evi\u0107 <\/strong>was appointed as Editor-in-Chief instead of <strong>Aleksandar Timofejev<\/strong>. As early as the following year, TDI radio owner <em>Maksim Medija <\/em>bought the television in the privatization process. The result was a shift in reporting during the 2016 campaign, when, out of all the election tickets, the one led by Vu\u010di\u0107 got more than half of all space in news programs.<\/p><div class=\"rmbox\"><h2 class=\"rmboxtitle\">Some people in REM saw the report<\/h2><div class=\"rmboxteaser\"><p><span lang='EN-US'>The term in office of former REM Council member <strong>Gordana Su\u0161a<\/strong> ended in March 2016. She, however, claims to have seen the report during the first seven days of the election campaign, while she was still in the Council (the decision making body of REM).<\/span><\/p><\/div><div id=\"rmtease8594631\" class=\"rmboxtext hidden\"><p><span lang='EN-US'>\u201cIn the first week of the campaign we had a report, a fantastic report by the monitoring service, which already showed the trend that later became so strong. There was a report then already \u2013 I can confirm that \u2013 and the decision was made at the time, like, let\u2019s not publish it every week but once a month, so that it doesn\u2019t put pressure on the media,\u201d Su\u0161a told cable <em>N1 TV<\/em> at the time.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span lang='EN-US'>The fact that REM\u2019s services continued to monitor the media during the election campaign was also confirmed by <strong>Stevica Smederevac<\/strong>, head of the REM Supervision and Analysis Service. In May 2016, as a guest on a show called <em>Talasanje<\/em> on Radio Belgrade, he said that he expected the report to be released in less than two or two and a half months, but pointed out that this depended on the REM Council, which was to adopt it. Smederevac declined to talk with the CINS journalists for this story.<\/span><\/p><\/div><div id=\"rmteaseb8594631\" class=\"rmboxteaserall\"><span>Show more<\/span><\/div>\n\n<script>\njQuery(document).ready(function(){\n    jQuery(\"#rmteaseb8594631\").click(function(){\n        if(jQuery(\"#rmtease8594631\").is(\":hidden\")){\n            jQuery(\"#rmtease8594631\").slideDown(400);\n            jQuery(\"#rmteaseb8594631 span\").text(\"Show less\");\n        } else {\n            jQuery(\"#rmtease8594631\").slideUp(400);\n            jQuery(\"#rmteaseb8594631 span\").text(\"Show more\");\n        }\n    });\n});\n<\/script>\n\n            <\/div><p>Some local TV stations, on the other hand, deviated from the general narrative of promoting the Progressives, but they did not provide balanced reports either. Their news programs in 2016 favored the parties that were in power in those towns, or the parties of the officials to whom these televisions are linked.<\/p><p><em>Palma Plus TV<\/em>, in central Serbia city of Jagodina, and the secong largest Serbian city Novi Sad-based <em>Most TV <\/em>devoted by far the most airtime to the SPS, specifically <em>Palma <\/em>around 74% and <em>Most <\/em>around 43%. <em>Palma Plus<\/em>\u00a0<em>TV <\/em>is owned by the son of <strong>Dragan Markovi\u0107 <\/strong>a.k.a. <strong>Palma, <\/strong>the head of the Jagodina Municipal Assembly, MP and coalition partner to the SPS. <em>Most TV <\/em>is owned by the parents of Srbijagas company CEO <strong>Du\u0161an Bajatovi\u0107<\/strong>, an official of the same party.<\/p><p>In city of \u0160abac, Serbia&#8217;s west, <em>As TV <\/em>is based. It gave a considerable advantage to the coalition headed by the DS, a member of which was the \u0160abac mayor, <strong>Neboj\u0161a Zelenovi\u0107<\/strong>. <em>As TV <\/em>devoted 51.3% of time in its news programs to the coalition, i.e. about an hour more than to the second-ranked SNS.<\/p><p>BIRODI\u2019s Zoran Gavrilovi\u0107 believes that actual media privatization did not take place in Serbia, rather a system in which the media are instruments of propaganda was preserved.<\/p><p>\u201cIn this country, media content depends on who is paying for it, nothing else,\u201d Gavrilovi\u0107 concluded.<\/p><div class=\"rmbox\"><h2 class=\"rmboxtitle\">Confirmation of REM Report\u2019s Authenticity<\/h2><div class=\"rmboxteaser\"><p><span lang='EN-US'>Having obtained a document titled The 2016 Election \u2013 Final Report, journalists of the <\/span><span lang='EN-US'>CINS <\/span><span lang='EN-US'>contacted REM. However, since no one at REM agreed to do an interview, nor did they answer the questions we had sent them, it was difficult to check which version of the report it was and whether it had been sent to the Council in that form and with that content.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span lang='EN-US'>Nonetheless, it is an authentic REM report, as proved by the fact that the information on advertising in the 2016 campaign, which REM had sent to the Anti-Corruption Agency, completely corresponded with the information found in the report. Moreover, the page containing that information looks identical in both places. Also, the report was published in the same form in 2014.<\/span><\/p>\r\n<p><span lang='EN-US'>Since REM did not conduct monitoring of the campaigns that followed, the report CINS obtained may also be the last report by REM the public has access to.<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><p>&nbsp;<\/p><h6><em>Realised with the help\u00a0of<\/em><\/h6><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-large wp-image-23562\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/srb-int-966x70.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"966\" height=\"70\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/srb-int-966x70.png 966w, https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/srb-int-576x42.png 576w, https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/srb-int-768x56.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/srb-int.png 1757w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 966px) 100vw, 966px\" \/><\/p><h6><em>From November 2018 to September 2019 the work of CINS is supported by Sweden, within the Belgrade Open School program <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bos.rs\/cd\/aktuelni-projekti\/795\/2017\/04\/05\/civilno-drustvo-za-unapredenje-pristupanja-srbije-evropskoj-uniji.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u201cCivil Society as a Force for a Change in the Serbia\u2019s EU Accession Process.\u201d<\/a><\/em><\/h6><p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-24130\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/BO\u0160-1234.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"736\" height=\"80\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/BO\u0160-1234.png 736w, https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/BO\u0160-1234-576x63.png 576w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 736px) 100vw, 736px\" \/><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>CINS is unveiling the Regulatory Authority of Electronic Media long-hidden report on media reporting during the 2016 election campaign. Free-to-air televisions were wholly in the service of the ruling Serbian Progressive Party, which scored a landslide victory in the elections. The report also tackles local media, and particularly interesting are those local media that after privatization changed their way of reporting &#8211; to favor the party.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1123,"featured_media":21522,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1492,1575,1573],"tags":[1640,1643,1644],"class_list":["post-23784","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-investigative-stories","category-media-regulators","category-political-parties","tag-media","tag-media-regulators","tag-regulatory-body-for-electronic-media","ciTrackContent"],"acf":[],"featured_image_url":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/BG-TEME-KAMPANJA-PKG-19-MMN-1-20160305-182617217-.mxf_.Still001.jpg","author_additional":[1119],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23784","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1123"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=23784"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23784\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26773,"href":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/23784\/revisions\/26773"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21522"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=23784"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=23784"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cins.rs\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=23784"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}